Video explanation
The cutaway compares normal engine operation with afterburning: combustion intensifies downstream of the turbine, the nozzle opens, and the displayed thrust rises.
Thrust and momentum
Accelerating air rearward produces a forward reaction force; a pressure difference at the nozzle exit can also contribute thrust.
Combustion after the turbine
Additional fuel burns in oxygen-containing exhaust, increasing gas temperature and exhaust velocity. This boosts thrust but uses considerably more fuel.
Flame holders and nozzle area
The V-shaped flame holders stabilize combustion. A variable-area nozzle adjusts the flow area for afterburning. The displayed thrust values belong to this model, rather than a specified real engine.